# Restricted Areas

### Types of Restricted Areas

All aircraft operating in restricted airspace should be assigned a dedicated squawk (including formation elements).  
An exception is ED-R 150 (Night Low-Flying System), which uses specific squawks for low-level flying (refer to [transponder](https://knowledgebase.vatsim-germany.org/books/technical-knowledge/page/transponder)).  
Upon entering restricted airspace, aircraft must autonomously or under instruction switch to the tactical frequency (e.g., TRAMON/GCI). If TRAMON/GCI is offline, entering aircraft should monitor the current frequency for traffic information.

#### ED-R (Restricted Area)

A permanently or temporarily restricted airspace that may only be entered with explicit permission.  
**Purpose**: Protection of security-sensitive facilities, military exercises, major events, or state visits.  
**Example**: ED-R 146 (Berlin) protects government buildings and diplomatic facilities.

#### ED-D (Danger Area)

An airspace where activities potentially hazardous to aircraft take place. Flight is not strictly prohibited, but caution is advised.  
**Purpose**: Shooting exercises, missile tests, military operations.  
**Example**: ED-D 19A is used for military training missions.:

#### TRA (Temporary Reserved Airspace)

A flexibly activated airspace reserved for military exercises or special operations.  
**Purpose**: Air combat exercises, aerial refueling, tactical maneuvers.  
**Example**: TRA Lauter (in southern Germany).

### Phraseology Examples

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-clearance-to-operate" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;"><colgroup><col style="width: 99.881%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr><td>##### **Clearance to operate in a TRA**

</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class="align-left">**G:** \[Call sign\], IFR cancelled, approved to operate TRA \[Name\], FL100 up to FL300, report finished. Frequency change approved.  
</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**A:** \[Call sign\], IFR cancelled, approved to operate TRA \[Name\], FL100 up to FL300, will report finished.  
</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-clearance-to-operate-2" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 141.25px;"><colgroup><col style="width: 99.881%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height: 81.65px;"><td style="height: 81.65px;">##### **Clearance to operate in parts of a TRA** 

In this example, only parts of the area are used, such as BASIC1A and BASIC1B.

</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height: 29.8px;"><td class="align-left" style="height: 29.8px;">**G:** \[Call sign\], IFR cancelled, approved to operate TRA \[Name\] part \[Parts of the TRA\], FL100 up to FL300, report finished. Frequency change approved.  
</td></tr><tr style="height: 29.8px;"><td class="align-left" style="height: 29.8px;">**A:** \[Call sign\], IFR cancelled, approved to operate TRA \[Name\] part \[Parts of the TRA\], FL100 up to FL300, will report finished.  
</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-aerial-refuelling-wi" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;"><colgroup><col style="width: 99.881%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr><td>##### **Aerial refuelling within a TRA** 

See also [Air to Air Refuelling](https://knowledgebase.vatsim-germany.org/books/military-procedures-RyN/page/air-to-air-refuelling-aar)

</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class="align-left">**G:** \[Tanker call sign\], cleared to operate TRA Allgäu Gretchen Anchor, on FL200. Report established.  
</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**A:** \[Tanker call sign\], cleared to operate TRA Allgäu Gretchen Anchor, on FL200. Report established.  
</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**A:** \[Tanker call sign\], established on Gretchen Anchor.</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**G:** \[Tanker call sign\], report leaving, frequency change approved.</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-entry-into-ed-r-150-" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 124.45px;"><colgroup><col style="width: 99.881%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height: 64.85px;"><td style="height: 64.85px;">##### **Entry into ED-R 150 (Night Low-Flying System)** 

</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height: 29.8px;"><td class="align-left" style="height: 29.8px;">**G:** \[Call sign\], Descend altitude (based on the current local QNH) ft (MVA), report cancelling IFR inside ED-R 150.  
</td></tr><tr style="height: 29.8px;"><td class="align-left" style="height: 29.8px;">**A:** \[Call sign\] inside ED-R 150, cancelling IFR first portion."  
</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**G:** \[Call sign\], IFR cancelled at (time), contact monitor on (frequency/channel).  
</td></tr></tbody></table>

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-awacs-orbit-g%3A-%5Bcall" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;"><colgroup><col style="width: 99.881%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr><td>##### **AWACS Orbit** 

</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class="align-left">**G:** \[Call sign\], approved to operate Orbit NG81, FL300, counterclockwise, report finished. Frequency change approved.  
</td></tr><tr><td class="align-left">**A:** \[Call sign\], approved to operate Orbit NG81, FL300, counterclockwise, will report finished.  
</td></tr></tbody></table>