Practical Procedures

Ground/Apron is responsible for pushback and all taxi guidance at the airport. Ground and Apron d...

In order to ensure safe and smooth flight operations, it is important to work efficiently and saf...

Optimizing the departure sequence A crucial point where many valuable seconds may ...

This procedure is not a mandatory part of S1 training. Introduction Under certain circumstances...

Introduction At all controller stations, it is extremely important to use the frequency as effic...

General All control towers operated by DFS (German Air Traffic Control) at international airport...

By definition, a missed approach is the part of an approach procedure that is initiated if the ap...

Introduction Aircraft are becoming more and more sophisticated and complex, there are more and m...

The correct use of LVO is not a mandatory part of S1 training. Introduction In normal operation...

‘Radar vectors’ just means that an aircraft is guided by the air traffic controller through speci...

Used sensibly, speed control is a very helpful tool for separating aircraft and maintaining seque...

This guide is intended to provide new approach controllers with an easy introduction to the subje...

There can be various reasons why you have to initiate a holding. One reason can be that the arriv...

In case of low visibility conditions, the controller has to adapt the procedures at the airport t...

Definitions Conflict. Predicted converging of aircraft in space and time which constitutes a vio...

This article describes the typical methods and controller actions used to solve conflict between ...

This article describes the use of vectoring by air traffic controllers to manage the traffic flow...

This article describes the use of speed control by air traffic controllers to manage the traffic ...

This article describes the use of vertical speed (rates of climb and descend) by air traffic cont...

While there are various reasons for a level change, this article focuses on the conflict solving ...