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ICAO Type Description
In addition to the familiar ICAO Type Designator such as A320, B738, C172, ICAO Document 8643 - A...
German aircraft registration
For reasons of traffic safety and for identification purposes, German aircraft are subject to com...
Transponder
Radar basics If you've ever flown in real life or on VATSIM, then you've probably come across th...
Uncontrolled airfield
Introduction After receiving your student rating, you will next receive training for the Aerodro...
VFR in Airspace C/D
General To cross airspace C or D under visual flight rules, pilots always require clearance fr...
Practice XXX Approach VFR
The Practice XXX Approach VFR, German: Übungsanflug VFR offers VFR pilots the opportunity to prac...
Night VFR (NVFR)
Night VFR (NVFR), German: Nacht-VFR refers to visual flights at night. The rules specified therei...
Delaying techniques
VFR aircraft are usually significantly slower than larger commercial aircraft. For this reason, a...
Radio Mandatory Zone (RMZ)
IFR An- und Abflüge erfordern eine erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit in der Umgebung der Flugplätze, weshalb...
SID - Standard Instrument Departure
Um bei IFR Flügen Flughäfen mit dem System der Luftstraßen zu verbinden, werden vordefinierte Abf...
Holding Management
There can be various reasons why you have to initiate a holding. One reason can be that the arriv...
Speeds
Used sensibly, speed control is a very helpful tool for separating aircraft and maintaining seque...
Radar Vectors
‘Radar vectors’ just means that an aircraft is guided by the air traffic controller through speci...
Level Change
While there are various reasons for a level change, this article focuses on the conflict solving ...
Vertical Speed
This article describes the use of vertical speed (rates of climb and descend) by air traffic cont...
Speed Control
This article describes the use of speed control by air traffic controllers to manage the traffic ...
Vectoring
This article describes the use of vectoring by air traffic controllers to manage the traffic flow...
Conflict Solving
This article describes the typical methods and controller actions used to solve conflict between ...
Conflict detection
Definitions Conflict. Predicted converging of aircraft in space and time which constitutes a vio...
Runway Change Guide
Runway changes might be tricky, especially during phases with a lot of traffic. This guide should...